From Randy (my cousin) over at Genea-Musings:
My paternal grandparents, Lusion Keman 'Loosh' Tapley (1870-1935) and Nealie Vermell Drake Tapley (1895-1970) resided in Johnson County, Georgia, between Kite and Bartow during the 1920's and early 1930's. They had six children at home (5 boys and 1 girl), including my father, the youngest. They were farmers and things got hard after the 1930 census. They lost their home and had to move into a rental house in Wadley. I believe this is what led to Loosh's passing in 1935. He was a broken man after he lost the farm.
In the 1930 census, they owned their own home. There is no value listed on the census, but they owned it. Papa was 57 and Grandma Nealie was 35 years old.
I asked Gemini about the conditions for farmers in Georgia after the stock market crash. Here is its reply:
"Following the 1929 stock market crash, the condition for farmers in Georgia was already dire, as the state had been struggling with agricultural decline for most of the 1920s. The crash served as a catalyst that intensified these existing hardships into a full-scale catastrophe."
"Even before 1929, Georgia farmers faced significant obstacles:
* The Boll Weevil: Arriving in Georgia around 1915, this pest ravaged cotton crops, causing a massive decline in production and profitability.
* Soil Depletion: Decades of "cash-crop" agriculture (focusing almost exclusively on cotton) exhausted the soil. Practices like intertilling and poor contour plowing led to severe erosion and reduced land productivity.
* Economic Pressures: Farmers were struggling with falling cotton prices, high debt from purchasing new machinery they could barely afford, and a major three-year drought that began in 1925.
When the stock market crashed, the situation for the state's predominantly rural population (69% in 1930) deteriorated further:
* Widespread Poverty: The typical farm family lived without electricity, running water, or indoor plumbing. Diets were poor, often consisting only of molasses, fatback, and cornbread.
* Foreclosures and Sharecropping: As bank failures spread and loans dried up, many farmers could not pay their debts and were forced off their land. By the onset of the Great Depression, approximately 2/3 of Georgia's farmland rather than owners.
* The 1930-1931 Drought: To make matters worse, the state experienced its worst drought on record shortly after the crash, which decimated what little production remained."
According to the Mortgage Default filed by the The Federal Land Bank of Columbia (South Carolina), my grandparents borrowed $1,000 to buy their home and land in May of 1924. There were two parcels of land; one was 58 1/2 acres and the other was 142 acres. By March of 1932, they were behind three payments in the total amount of $97.50. So their home was foreclosed and sold "at public outcry before the courthouse door" on March 1, 1932 for $750 cash. I am betting that my grandparents owed the bank the other $250 plus interest and fees after the sale.
My grandparents moved into rental housing. They and their older sons because sharecroppers. My grandfather died in 1935, probably from a broken heart. My grandmother was left with six children from ages 19 down to 7 to support on her own. They moved around a lot, probably following the jobs.
My maternal grandparents, Charles Morgan Tapley (1907-1973) and Ethel Irene Ranney Tapley (1913-1973) were not married to each other until the late 1930s. My grandfather lived with his first wife and her parents in Covina, California on the 1930 census. He was listed as a Preacher.
My maternal grandmother was 16 years old and lived in Redlands, California according to the 1930 census. Her parents owned their home and its value was $6,000. They also owned a radio, whereas my paternal grandparents did not. Her father (Luther Boardman Ranney [1870-1943]) is listed as a Pruner for private families. Grandma Ethel mentions in her diary from that time that her father (age 60 in 1930) did work for the WPA (Works Progress Administration) during the 1930's. The family seemed to survive the Great Depression well because she doesn't mention any hardships.
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